Utilizing Social Media for Educational Purposes: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

Let us learn how Utilizing Social Media for Educational Purposes, A Comprehensive Guide can help students. In the digital age, social media platforms have become an integral part of our lives. While these platforms are commonly associated with entertainment and communication, they also offer immense potential for educational purposes. With their widespread usage and accessibility, educators and students alike can leverage social media to enhance learning experiences, foster collaboration, and engage in meaningful discussions. In this article, we will explore various ways to harness the power of social media for educational purposes, highlighting its benefits and providing practical tips for effective utilization.

Creating Engaging Educational Content

One of the primary advantages of social media platforms is their ability to disseminate information quickly and effectively. Educators can leverage this by creating engaging educational content that caters to their students’ interests and learning styles. By incorporating multimedia elements such as videos, infographics, and interactive quizzes, teachers can make complex concepts more accessible and enjoyable. Additionally, social media allows for the seamless sharing of resources, enabling educators to provide supplementary materials and references to enhance the learning experience.

Facilitating Collaboration and Discussion

Social media platforms provide an ideal space for fostering collaboration among students. By creating private groups or channels dedicated to specific courses or projects, educators can encourage students to collaborate, share ideas, and ask questions outside the classroom. Platforms like Facebook, Slack, or Discord offer features like file sharing, video conferencing, and instant messaging, enabling seamless communication and collaboration among students. This collaborative environment promotes teamwork, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills.

Expanding Learning Communities

Social media platforms allow educators and students to connect with individuals beyond the confines of their immediate learning environment. Through educational hashtags, online forums, or professional communities, learners can engage with experts, researchers, and educators from around the world. These interactions provide access to diverse perspectives, expert opinions, and the latest advancements in various fields. Platforms like Twitter, LinkedIn, or Reddit offer specific communities focused on education, enabling users to participate in discussions, seek advice, and expand their network of like-minded individuals.

Enhancing Professional Development

Social media platforms can serve as valuable resources for educators seeking professional development opportunities. Online communities, webinars, and virtual conferences provide avenues for teachers to share their knowledge, gain insights from experienced professionals, and stay updated on the latest teaching methodologies and technologies. By following influential educators, educational organizations, and thought leaders on platforms such as Twitter or LinkedIn, teachers can access a wealth of information and engage in meaningful discussions on educational practices.

Encouraging Digital Citizenship and Online Safety

As social media plays an increasingly significant role in education, it is crucial to teach students about responsible online behavior and digital citizenship. Educators can utilize social media to initiate discussions about online safety, cyberbullying, privacy concerns, and the responsible use of technology. By integrating digital literacy lessons into the curriculum, educators can empower students to navigate social media platforms safely and responsibly, while also fostering critical thinking and media literacy skills.

Promoting Student Engagement and Motivation

Social media platforms provide opportunities for educators to tap into students’ interests and motivations, making learning more engaging and meaningful. By incorporating elements of gamification, such as challenges, quizzes, and leaderboards, educators can create interactive learning experiences that captivate students’ attention and foster healthy competition. Additionally, social media allows for immediate feedback and recognition, which can boost students’ confidence and motivation to learn. Through platforms like Instagram or TikTok, educators can encourage students to create educational content themselves, promoting active participation and ownership of their learning journey.

Global Collaboration and Cultural Exchange

Social media breaks down geographical barriers and enables students to collaborate with peers from different parts of the world. Educators can design projects that involve cross-cultural exchanges, where students collaborate virtually, sharing their perspectives, experiences, and cultural backgrounds. Platforms like Skype or Zoom facilitate video conferences, allowing students to engage in real-time discussions and learn from diverse viewpoints. These interactions foster cultural awareness, global citizenship, and the development of essential interpersonal skills needed in an interconnected world.

Real-World Connections and Application

Social media provides a bridge between classroom learning and real-world applications. By following industry professionals, organizations, or experts in relevant fields, students can gain insights into the practical applications of their studies. Educators can curate and share articles, case studies, or success stories that demonstrate how theoretical knowledge is put into practice. Students can also use social media platforms to showcase their projects, research findings, or innovative ideas, receiving feedback and validation from a wider audience. These real-world connections enhance students’ understanding of the subject matter and its relevance in various industries and professions.

Creating Digital Portfolios and Personal Branding

Social media offers a platform for students to showcase their skills, achievements, and projects through digital portfolios. By encouraging students to create professional profiles on platforms like LinkedIn, they can develop their personal brand and build a positive online presence. Educators can guide students on how to highlight their educational background, extracurricular activities, and accomplishments, which can be beneficial for college applications, internships, or future employment opportunities. Developing a strong digital presence also helps students develop skills in self-presentation, digital marketing, and networking, which are crucial in today’s digital age.

Ethical and Critical Use of Social Media

While social media presents numerous benefits for educational purposes, it is essential to teach students about ethical and responsible use. Educators should discuss topics such as digital etiquette, cyberbullying prevention, online privacy, and the potential impact of misinformation. By integrating media literacy education into the curriculum, students can develop the skills necessary to critically evaluate information, identify reliable sources, and navigate the digital landscape safely. Social media can serve as a platform for discussions on these topics, allowing students to share their experiences, ask questions, and learn from each other’s perspectives.

Why Hire us To Help You Write Your Essays.

• Assignments that are 100 percent original free of plagiarism: We make sure that each assignment is distinctive in its own way. We understand the need to offer completely original assignments that are free from plagiarism. Our essay Assignment Help’s professionals provide unique assignment services with a 100 percent guarantee of uniqueness. In addition to the academic paper, in addition, we also send you a plagiarism report so that students can be certain that their paper is original.
• Delivery on time: Are you worried that your deadline is fast approaching? Don’t worry; our skilled writers are here to help with essays of any type. They make certain that the task is completed on time even when the time is limited. Our writers make sure that they submit the work in due time. We write your essay according to your instructions.
• Availability of our service, day and night: Our writers and support is always available at any time whenever you need some help with your essays. We make your lives easy by availing our services even during odd hours. We have a dedicated team of customer service representatives that ensure that your assignments are delivered on time and in good condition.
• Writers with extensive experience and knowledge: Our writers at nursingresearchhelp.com has written many papers involving the processes of various essays, therefore they are able to handle any essay that comes into their hands.

Conclusion

Social media platforms have the potential to revolutionize education by offering engaging and collaborative learning environments. By leveraging these platforms effectively, educators can enhance the learning experience, foster collaboration, and expand the scope of education beyond the confines of traditional classrooms. However, it is crucial to approach social media usage for educational purposes with caution, considering privacy concerns, age-appropriate platforms, and the need for digital literacy education. By embracing social media as a tool for educational enrichment, we can unlock its immense potential and pave the way for a more interconnected and engaging learning experience.

Incorporating social media into education holds immense potential for transforming the learning experience. By leveraging its power, educators can foster student engagement, promote collaboration, and facilitate global connections. However, it is crucial to strike a balance between the educational benefits and the ethical considerations associated with social media usage. By equipping students with digital literacy skills and emphasizing responsible online behavior, we can maximize the advantages of social media for educational purposes while ensuring a safe and enriching learning environment.

How to write impressive nursing  essays

Mastering How to write  impressive nursing essays is a skill that takes time, practice, and dedication to develop. Whether you’re a student working on an assignment or a professional looking to improve your writing skills, there are several strategies you can use to craft an essay that impresses your readers. In this blog post, we’ll take a closer look at some of the key elements of impressive essays and provide tips for how to incorporate them into your own writing.

Nursing essays are an essential component of nursing education, as they allow students to demonstrate their knowledge, critical thinking, and writing skills. However, writing a high-quality nursing essay can be a challenging task for many students, as it requires extensive research, in-depth analysis, and proper citation.

Fortunately, there is a solution to this problem: hiring nursingresearchhelp.com to write impressive nursing essays. Nursingresearchhelp is a reputable online writing service that specializes in providing nursing students with top-notch academic assistance. Here is  why nursing students should consider hiring nursingresearchhelp.com to write their essays.

Expert writers with nursing backgrounds

One of the main advantages of hiring nursingresearchhelp.com is that the company employs expert writers with nursing backgrounds. This means that the writers are not only skilled in academic writing, but they also have a thorough understanding of the nursing field. They have first-hand experience in the practical application of nursing concepts, which allows them to provide accurate and insightful analysis in their essays.

Customized essays tailored to your needs

Another benefit of hiring nursingresearchhelp.com is that they provide customized essays tailored to the specific needs of each student. The writers take the time to understand the assignment requirements and the student’s unique perspective to deliver an essay that meets their expectations. This approach ensures that the essay is original, plagiarism-free, and demonstrates the student’s understanding of the topic.

Timely delivery and 24/7 customer support

Nursingresearchhelp.com understands the importance of meeting deadlines, and they take pride in their ability to deliver high-quality essays on time. They work diligently to ensure that each essay is completed within the agreed-upon timeframe. Additionally, the company provides 24/7 customer support, which means that students can contact them at any time for updates or assistance.

Affordable prices and confidentiality

Nursingresearchhelp.com offers affordable prices for their services, which makes it accessible to most nursing students. They also prioritize confidentiality, which means that they do not share the student’s personal information or essay with any third party. This ensures that the student’s privacy is protected.

In conclusion, hiring nursingresearchhelp.com to write impressive nursing essays is an excellent choice for nursing students who want to excel in their academic pursuits. With expert writers, customized essays, timely delivery, 24/7 customer support, affordable prices, and confidentiality, nursingresearchhelp.com offers an all-around service that is hard to beat. So, if you are a nursing student struggling with writing essays, consider hiring nursingresearchhelp.com for top-quality academic assistance. Order now by clicking below.

Why I want to be a nurse essay help

Have you been tasked to write an essay on Why I want to be a nurse and you have no idea how to start or write an appealing essay?We offer services on Why I want to be a nurse essay help and other nursing related topics.  Below are tips to writing Why I want to be a nurse essay help

Nursing is a profession that is both challenging and rewarding. It is a calling that requires a unique blend of knowledge, skill, and compassion. Nursing is a crucial part of the healthcare industry, and nurses are the backbone of hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The role of nurses in the healthcare system is critical, as they provide essential care and support to patients during their most vulnerable times.

There are many reasons why I want to be a nurse. First and foremost, I have always been drawn to helping others. Nursing provides a unique opportunity to make a difference in people’s lives every day. As a nurse, I will have the chance to work closely with patients and their families, providing compassionate care and support during some of their most challenging times.

Another reason why I want to be a nurse is the opportunity to learn and grow. Nursing is a constantly evolving field, with new research and technologies emerging all the time. As a nurse, I will have the chance to continue learning throughout my career, staying up-to-date with the latest developments in healthcare.

In addition, nursing is a highly respected profession. Nurses are essential members of the healthcare team, and their contributions are valued and appreciated. Nurses are often the first point of contact for patients, and they play a critical role in ensuring that patients receive the care and support they need.

There are also many different career paths available within nursing. Nurses can specialize in a particular area of healthcare, such as pediatrics, oncology, or critical care. They can also pursue advanced degrees and certifications, such as a Master of Science in Nursing or a certification in a specialized area of nursing. The opportunities for growth and development within the nursing profession are endless.

Finally, I want to be a nurse because it is a career that offers a sense of purpose and fulfillment. Nursing is not just a job; it is a calling. As a nurse, I will have the chance to make a real difference in people’s lives, providing comfort, care, and support to those who need it most. I will have the opportunity to develop meaningful relationships with patients and their families, and to be a source of strength and support during their most difficult moments.

Of course, nursing is not without its challenges. It can be physically and emotionally demanding, and it requires a great deal of dedication and commitment. Nurses must be able to work long hours, often under stressful conditions. They must be able to remain calm and focused in the face of adversity, and they must have excellent communication skills to work effectively with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals.

Despite these challenges, I am confident that I have what it takes to be a great nurse. I have a passion for helping others, a strong work ethic, and a deep sense of compassion. I am excited about the opportunity to learn and grow within the nursing profession, and to make a real difference in people’s lives.

In conclusion, there are many reasons why I want to be a nurse. Nursing is a challenging and rewarding profession that offers opportunities for growth, development, and fulfillment. It is a career that requires a unique blend of knowledge, skill, and compassion, and one that is essential to the healthcare industry. I am excited about the opportunity to become a nurse, and to make a meaningful contribution to the lives of others.

Get writing Help on Why I want to be a nurse Essay

Nursing research is a critical component of the nursing profession. It involves the scientific inquiry into healthcare practices, patient outcomes, and the effectiveness of nursing interventions. Nursing research helps to inform evidence-based practice, which is the foundation of high-quality nursing care. Through research, nurses can identify best practices, develop new interventions, and improve patient outcomes.

However, conducting research can be challenging, particularly for nursing students and early-career nurses who may not have the experience or resources necessary to design and conduct studies effectively. That is where nursingresearchhelp.com comes in. Our website provides a range of services to support nursing research, including assistance with study design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation.

By working with nursingresearchhelp.com, nursing students  can save time and focus on their core competencies, such as patient care and advocacy. They can also have confidence that their research is of the highest quality and will contribute to the advancement of the nursing profession.

Additionally, nursingresearchhelp.com can assist nurses with a variety of nursing-related topics beyond research. For example, they can provide assistance with nursing essays, care plans, and case studies. They can also provide guidance on nursing practice, ethics, and leadership.

Nursing research is essential for advancing the nursing profession and improving patient outcomes. Nursingresearchhelp.com is an excellent resource for nursing students who need support with research, writing, and other nursing-related topics. With our expertise and guidance, nurses can have confidence in their work and contribute to the ongoing evolution of the nursing profession.

As a nursing student, you are likely juggling multiple responsibilities, including attending classes, clinicals, and studying for exams. With all these demands on your time, it can be challenging to find the time and energy to complete assignments, essays, and other coursework. That is why hiring an assignment writing help service could be a game-changer for you.

Here are some reasons why you should consider hiring our assignment writing help service as a nursing student:

1. Save Time: As a nursing student, you are likely pressed for time. By hiring our assignment writing help service, you can save precious hours that you can use to focus on other tasks or even take a well-deserved break. Our writers  can take care of assignments, essays, and research papers on your behalf, ensuring that you submit high-quality work on time.
2. Get Expert Assistance: Nursing coursework can be complex and demanding, and it can be challenging to know where to start. By hiring our assignment writing help service, you can access expert assistance from experienced professionals who understand the nuances of nursing coursework. They can help you with everything from research and analysis to writing and formatting, ensuring that you submit top-quality work that meets your professor’s expectations.
3. Improve Your Grades: Nursing school is competitive, and getting good grades is essential for academic and career success. By hiring our assignment writing help service, you can boost your grades and improve your chances of success. The professionals who provide these services are experts in their field and can help you to produce high-quality work that meets your professor’s expectations.
4. Affordable Services: As a student, you are likely on a tight budget. However, our assignment writing help services offer affordable rates that are tailored to the needs of students. These services are also transparent about their pricing, ensuring that you only pay for the services you need.
5. Access to 24/7 Support: Our Assignment writing help services are available around the clock, ensuring that you can get help whenever you need it. Whether you have an urgent deadline or need assistance with a complex assignment, you can get the support you need from these services.

In conclusion, hiring an assignment writing help service can be an excellent option for nursing students who need assistance with coursework. These services offer a range of benefits, including expert assistance, improved grades, and affordable rates. By working with a reputable assignment writing help service like ours, you can save time, reduce stress, and focus on other aspects of your academic and personal life.

BIOL 2401Nursing Assignment help

Cell Structure and Function

Investigation Manual

Table of Contents

Overview………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3

Objectives………………………………………………………………………………………… 3

Time Requirements…………………………………………………………………………… 3

Background……………………………………………………………………………………… 3

Materials…………………………………………………………………………………………… 7

Safety……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8

Activity 1: Simple Diffusion ………………………………………………………………… 9

Activity 2: Osmosis …………………………………………………………………………… 10

Disposal and Cleanup …………………………………………………………………….. 13

Overview

In this investigation, the student will explore the structure and function of the animal cell, particularly the selectively permeable plasma membrane. The student will model the processes of simple diffusion and osmosis and assess the tonicities of aqueous solutions.

Objectives

• Model the processes of simple diffusion and osmosis.
• Calculate the rate of diffusion and determine how it is affected by molecular weight.
• Assess the relative tonicities of aqueous solutions.

 Time Requirements

Preparation …………………………………………………………………………………30 minutes

Activity 1 …………………………………………………………………………………….60 minutes Activity 2 …………………………………………………………………………………….75 minutes

Background

The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living things. Although the human body is composed of an amazing variety of different, specialized cell types, all of these cells have certain characteristics in common. Most importantly, all animal cells possess three main components: a nucleus, a cytoplasm, and a plasma membrane.

The Nucleus

 The nucleus houses most of the genetic material of the cell. Most of the time, the genetic material exists in the form of a thread-like complex of DNA and proteins known as chromatin. When a cell goes through the process of division, the chromatin coils up tightly to form compact structures called chromosomes. Within the nucleus lies at least one nucleolus. This is where ribosomes—the machinery of protein synthesis—are assembled. The contents of the nucleus are separated from the rest of the cell by the nuclear envelope. This double membrane is penetrated by nuclear pores that permit materials to pass in and out of the nucleus.

The Cytoplasm

The cytoplasm occupies the area between the nucleus and the plasma membrane. It consists of the cytosol (which is mostly water with dissolved ions and proteins), the protein filaments of the cytoskeleton, and a variety of organelles, which are specialized structures devoted to specific cellular tasks (Table 1).

The Plasma Membrane

The plasma membrane of the cell (also called the cell membrane or the cytoplasmic membrane) surrounds and defines each cell and separates its internal environment from the external environment. The plasma membrane is composed primarily of phospholipids. A phospholipid molecule consists of a glycerol skeleton with two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached. The fatty acids are nonpolar hydrocarbon chains, and thus, they are hydrophobic (i.e., repelled by water).

The negatively charged phosphate group forms the polar head of the molecule and is hydrophilic (i.e., attracted to water). Recall that the cytosol within the cell is mostly water, and most cells of the human body are bathed in extracellular fluid, which is also mostly water. These conditions cause the phospholipid molecules to cluster together so that their hydrophilic heads are oriented toward the water and their hydrophobic tails exclude water. The resulting structure is a phospholipid bilayer: two layers of molecules, with the hydrophilic heads directed to the inside and outside of the cell and the hydrophobic tails sandwiched in between.

By themselves, the phospholipid molecules would form a relatively loose, fluid association, with a consistency similar to that of vegetable oil. However, phospholipid molecules are not the only type of molecule in the plasma membrane. In the membranes of animal cells, the phospholipids are stabilized by sterol molecules, such as cholesterol. Glycolipids, which have a carbohydrate group instead of a phosphate group, are also present in the outer portion of the bilayer.

Proteins constitute a major component of the plasma membrane and play important roles in cell signaling, adhesion, metabolism, and transport. Peripheral membrane proteins are weakly associated with the membrane, whereas integral membrane proteins are more firmly embedded. In fact, most integral membrane proteins are transmembrane proteins, meaning that they completely span the phospholipid bilayer and have exposed regions on both sides of the membrane. Many proteins are able to drift laterally within the phospholipid bilayer, which is why the plasma membrane is often described in terms of a fluid-mosaic model.

BIOL 2401Nursing Assignment help

Cell Transport and Cell Size

 All living things take in nutrients and eliminate waste. These vital functions are facilitated at the cellular level by the selectively permeable (i.e., semipermeable) plasma membrane. The cell membrane permits the passage of molecules and ions of a certain size while restricting the passage of larger or differently charged molecules or ions. Some molecules, such as water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, can move freely across the cell membrane’s lipid bilayer.

These molecules move into and out of the cell by diffusion, which can be defined as the net movement of molecules or ions down a concentration gradient, from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.  Larger molecules, on the other hand, are excluded by the membrane and may enter or leave the cell only through processes mediated by dedicated transporter proteins located in the membrane.

In Activity 1, you will observe how diffusion occurs in the absence of a membrane. However, diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane, such as the plasma membrane, is subject to certain conditions. Four main factors determine the rate of diffusion of molecules or ions across a membrane:

1. The steepness of the concentration gradient: The greater the difference between the concentrations on opposite sides of the membrane, the higher the rate of diffusion.
2. Temperature: Molecules and ions have more kinetic energy at higher temperatures. When molecules and ions move more rapidly, diffusion proceeds more rapidly.
3. The surface area of the membrane: The greater the surface area, the higher the rate of diffusion. A greater surface area allows more molecules or ions to cross the membrane at any point in time.
4. The type of molecule or ion diffusing: Large molecules (those of higher molecular weight) tend to diffuse more slowly than smaller molecules (of lower molecular weight). If the large molecules are contained within a selectively permeable membrane, they may not be able to diffuse at all. Ions may move more readily along a charge gradient; for example, a cation (positively charged ion) may diffuse more quickly toward a region rich in anions (negatively charged ions) than toward a region with an overall positive charge.

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. The four factors listed above also apply to osmosis. The net movement of water molecules in osmosis is to the side of the selectively permeable membrane having the higher concentration of solute, and, therefore, the lower concentration of water. The cytoplasm is an aqueous solution, consisting of water with dissolved molecules and ions. If the cell is surrounded by solute-free, pure water, the concentration of water is actually lower inside the cell compared with the outside, and the net movement of water will be into the cell.

If the cell is in a solution with a high solute concentration, the concentration of water may be higher inside the cell compared with the outside, causing the net flow of water to be out of the cell.

The terms hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic are used to compare aqueous solutions of varying solute concentration in which the solute cannot cross the membrane. If the solutions have the same concentration of solute, they are called isotonic (iso-, “same”). When two solutions have different concentrations of a solute, the one with the higher solute concentration is called hypertonic (hyper-, “above”), and the one with the lower solute concentration is called hypotonic (hypo-, “below”). The hypertonic solution, which contains a higher solute concentration than the comparison solution, can also be thought of as having a lower concentration of water.

In contrast, the hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solute, but a higher concentration of water. Because the solute cannot cross the membrane, osmosis occurs between solutions of different tonicities. The water will move from the solution in which it is more concentrated to the solution in which it is less concentrated. In other words, water will move from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic solution. In the figures that follow, the larger black circles represent the solute molecules, and the smaller open circles represent the water molecules. The vertical center line represents a selectively permeable membrane.

Figure 1. The concentration of solute molecules is higher on the left side of the membrane, so the left side is hypertonic relative to the right side. The right side is hypotonic relative to the left side.

Figure 2. The left and right sides are at equilibrium and are isotonic relative to each other. The concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane is equal.

Osmotic pressure is the measure of a solution’s tendency to gain water when separated from pure water by a selectively permeable membrane. A solution’s osmotic pressure is proportional to its solute concentration; the greater the solute concentration, the greater the osmotic pressure and, therefore, the greater the tendency for the solution to gain water. In isotonic solutions, water diffuses across the membrane from one solution to another at an equal rate in both directions. There is no net osmotic movement of water and no net osmotic pressure.

Water enters our cells passively through osmosis. For instance, most water absorption in the digestive tract occurs in the large intestine, and there are no channels in the plasma membranes of intestinal cells that actively transport water. While water transport relies on osmosis, there are membrane channels that actively transport sodium and other ions into the cytoplasm, using ATP for energy. In order to manipulate the characteristics of osmosis, the concentration of solutes can be increased in the cells of the intestinal lining such that the cytoplasm becomes hypertonic relative to the lumen of the large intestine. Then, water flows into the cells by osmosis.

The kidneys regulate the water balance in our bodies. Like the large intestine, the movement of water by osmosis is regulated by the active transport of salts. In addition, some cells of the kidneys have selective channels called aquaporins, which allow water to move across the membrane very quickly in response to osmotic pressure.

In Activity 2, you will use dialysis tubing to simulate the plasma membrane of a cell. The flat, transparent dialysis tubing has microscopic pores that permit the passage of water, but not larger solutes such as sugars.

Materials

Included in the materials kit:

Sucrose, 100-g packet                                          1

250-mL beaker                                                       3

Dialysis tubing, 8” piece                                        3

100-mL graduated cylinder                                 1

10-mL graduated cylinder                                   1

Weigh boats                                                            3

Grease pencil                                                         1

Plastic cup, 10 oz                                                   4

Pipette                                                                      3

Teaspoon                                                                 1

Agarose                                                                   30 mL

Petri dish                                                                   1

Potassium permanganate                                    1 g

Methylene blue                                                      1 g

Micro spoons                                                           2

Ruler                                                                          1

Needed, but not supplied:

Tap water

Blank white paper

Pen or pencil

Timing device

Paper towels

Digital camera or mobile device capable of taking digital photos Pot holder or oven mitt (recommended but not required)

Safety

Read all of the instructions for this laboratory activity before beginning. Follow the instructions closely and observe established laboratory safety practices, including the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

Wear safety glasses, gloves, and a lab apron while performing this laboratory investigation. Work in close proximity to a sink or other source of running water. A kitchen sink sprayer or a shower may serve as an emergency eye wash station if needed.

Potassium permanganate is an oxidizing agent. Methylene blue is an irritant of the skin, eyes, and respiratory passages; exposure may result in drowsiness or dizziness and may impair fertility or, if pregnant, cause harm to an unborn child. If either substance is inhaled, seek fresh air immediately and seek medical attention. In case of contact with the eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention. In case of contact with skin, wash immediately with soap and rinse with plenty of water. If skin irritation results, seek medical advice or attention. If swallowed, call a poison center and/or seek medical attention immediately.

Do not eat, drink, or chew gum while performing this activity. Wash your hands with soap and water before and after performing the activity. Clean up the work area with soap and water after completing the investigation. Keep pets and children away from lab materials and equipment.

Concentration is defined as the amount of a substance per unit volume, such as the mass of sucrose (table sugar) in a milliliter (mL) of water.

Epidemiology  of Ebola is the study of the distribution and pattern of the disease and its effect on human health. It includes a discussion of the natural history of the disease, the epidemiology and morbidity and mortality of the disease, the factors influencing the spread of the disease and the interventions used to prevent and control the disease. In addition, it describes the societal implications of a disease.

Introduction & Historical Significance

The Ebola virus is a serious disease that causes hemorrhagic fever and death. It is transmitted to humans through contact with body fluids or blood of infected individuals.

Although there have been 34 outbreaks of the disease in Africa since 1976, the largest outbreak has occurred in the past two years, in the west African country of Guinea. There have been over 28,000 confirmed cases and over 11,300 deaths.

This outbreak triggered concern that Ebola could spread to other countries in the region. However, the disease was contained by concerted international action. In mid-January, Liberia announced that it had ended the transmission of the disease. During the first months of 2016, Sierra Leone and Guinea reported continued cases of the disease.

Although the Ebola virus is highly fatal, there are effective ways to prevent and contain the virus. These include antiviral drugs, monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. An efficient case response also plays an important role in ending the outbreak.

The success of EVD control requires a strong workforce, adequate surveillance, efficient laboratory diagnosis, and effective coordination. Also, it is critical to address gaps in the health systems of the affected countries.

Natural Life History

Ebola virus disease, or EVD, is a viral illness that is fatal in many cases. It is a member of the filovirus family and is transmitted from people to others through direct contact with infected body fluids, objects, or animals.

EVD is rare, and outbreaks can occur in isolated areas of Africa. The virus has been documented in wild animals, such as chimpanzees and gorillas. However, domestic animals such as pigs do not play a significant role in the transmission of the virus.

Although the natural reservoir of the Ebola virus has not yet been identified, scientists suspect that fruit bats are the most likely candidate species. These animals carry the virus on their bodies, but do not get sick or exhibit symptoms of acute infection.

The first known case of EVD in humans was reported in 1976. This outbreak occurred in the Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Sudan. Scientists discovered that the SUDV was genetically distinct from Zaire ebolavirus. A second outbreak occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1995, and the Kikwit region was quarantined for a period.

Prevalence Morbidity & Mortality

Currently, 34 outbreaks of Ebola have been reported in 11 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. They have affected 34 356 people and caused 14 823 deaths.

This massive scale of an ongoing outbreak highlights the urgent need for new treatments. Rapid case identification, effective surveillance and laboratory diagnosis are essential to ending EVD outbreaks. In addition to the challenges associated with detecting and responding to EVD, a number of environmental and sociocultural factors also pose significant challenges to its detection and containment.

The epidemiological features of the EVD epidemic include the high prevalence of urban populations and minimal public health infrastructure. Additionally, the broader contextual factors such as political instability and socioeconomic status can influence health outcomes and thereby the incidence and severity of the disease. It is imperative to conduct more extensive studies to better understand the overall health impacts of the epidemic.

To determine the magnitude of the indirect health effects of the EVD epidemic in West Africa, we conducted a systematic review. Our study focused on the direct and indirect effects of the disease, as well as the health-seeking behavior of the population.

Primary Interventions

Ebola is a highly fatal disease, causing severe illness in both humans and non-human primates. It is a member of the filovirus family. The virus is transmitted through direct contact with the body fluids of an infected person or from an infected animal. Symptoms of the disease include fever, sore throat, and joint pain.

There are three primary interventions in the epidemiology of Ebola: prevention, control, and containment. Each intervention is aimed at limiting the outbreak. Prevention measures include reducing exposure to animals that can transmit the disease. Control measures involve protecting health care workers. They also include identifying people who might have been infected with the virus and preventing the spread of the disease.

Containment involves limiting access to mass gatherings. Individuals who have been exposed to the disease will be monitored for 21 days. During this time, they will be prevented from public transportation. This is a vital step in the control of the outbreak.

In order to reduce the risk of human-to-human transmission, health care workers must wear gloves. They should also avoid handling the body fluids of suspected patients.

Secondary Interventions

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is an infectious disease that causes a wide range of symptoms, including fever, vomiting, joint pain, and diarrhea. Most people who get infected recover within a week or so of illness, but some develop progressive hypotension or shock, with multiorgan failure. Some patients die during the second week of illness.

EVD outbreaks are caused by a combination of factors. These include close proximity to susceptible populations, health care, and infection control practices. Preventive measures can limit transmission, such as using gloves and barrier precautions to prevent contact with body fluids and blood.

The Ebola virus is transmitted to humans through the direct contact with body fluids or blood of an infected person. It can also be spread through contact with infected animals. This includes non-human primates, chimpanzees, and forest antelope.

Secondary interventions, such as vaccination, containment of the infected population, and safe burial of dead cases, may limit transmission. However, the effectiveness of interventions in controlling EVD remains uncertain.

In an effort to better understand the dynamics of transmission of EVD, researchers performed a series of studies on the transmission of the virus. They mapped the distribution of cases at the level of chiefdoms, determining the number of contacts with infected persons before the onset of symptomatic illness.

Tertiary Interventions

Since the first outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), many efforts have been undertaken to identify treatments and vaccines. Most recently, the West African epidemic accelerated efforts to explore vaccines and therapies. Nevertheless, the scale of the ongoing EVD outbreak reflects the urgent need for new treatment options.

In order to understand the dynamics of EVD, it is important to determine the highest risk populations. To do so, researchers mapped the spatiotemporal distribution of cases at chiefdom level.

During the early stages of the EVD epidemic, there were high numbers of healthcare workers infected with the virus. However, this proportion gradually decreased. Despite this, there were still a large number of health care workers infected in late 2014 and early 2015.

The number of confirmed and suspected EVD cases peaked in early November 2014. Following a case isolation campaign, the epidemic began to decline. Throughout December, transmission rates decreased significantly.

However, the effective reproduction number (CFR) was high, indicating that there may be more sporadic outbreaks of EVD in the future. Among the three most affected countries, Ebola Zaire’s CFR was 70%. Similarly, Marburg’s CFR was 80%.

Healthy People 2030 Objectives

The fifth iteration of the Healthy People initiative, Healthy People 2030, offers a lot more than a set of health goals and objectives. It provides a framework and foundational principles to guide progress over the next 10 years.

The objectives are grouped into three categories. First, there are the overarching goals. These include improving population health, reducing preventable disease, and strengthening health literacy. There are also the more practical goals.

Health departments have a variety of ways to accomplish these goals. For example, they can develop emergency operations plans, enlist help from a slew of external experts, and implement a wide variety of cross-sector partnerships. They can also pursue innovation through collaborations with their local communities.

However, there are also many other important factors to consider. For instance, health departments can improve their performance by implementing a better strategy for addressing the needs of their local communities.

Another example is to consider the role of social determinants of health. Those in lower-income communities are more likely to suffer from chronic diseases.

Conclusion/Recommendation

The Ebola virus has been responsible for the death of thousands of people. Since its discovery, the disease has spread across many countries in Africa. This has led to a series of outbreaks. These outbreaks have affected many countries in Africa, including Guinea, Sierra Leone, DRC, South Sudan, Uganda, Nigeria, and Mali.

The 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak is one of the largest outbreaks in Africa in recent history. Over ten thousand people died in the outbreak. It began in Guinea in 2014 and spread to other countries. Some of the key factors involved in this epidemic were poor health infrastructure and weak surveillance.

A rapid case response is crucial in ending EVD outbreaks. For this, effective coordination and surveillance are needed. In addition, a strong workforce is required to respond to the epidemic. Moreover, long-term investments in improving surveillance are needed.

To end EVD, international collaboration is needed. Specifically, this includes strengthening health systems and establishing operational surveillance. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve work safety in hospitals.

Ebola is transmitted through close contact with an infected person. This is especially true for health workers, who often contract the virus while treating suspected cases. However, it can be prevented by observing good hygiene, wearing personal protective equipment, and separating healthy individuals from sick ones.